海洋新物種來啦~微軟海底服務器
1850 年,世界上第一條海底通訊電纜在英吉利海峽鋪設。
168 年後的今天,微軟要把數據中心也搬到海底去了。
6 月 1 日,微軟將一個長約 12 米,直徑接近 3 米的膠囊狀數據中心沉入蘇格蘭水域。
這個在海底嗡嗡作響的 Northern Isles 數據中心一共裝載了 864 台服務器,可以存儲約 500 萬部電影。它將為蘇格蘭群島的沿海地區提供高速的雲計算能力和互聯網連接。
微軟將這個項目稱作 Project Natick。他們表示,將數據中心沉入海底主要是出於對成本的考慮。
為了維持機房適宜的溫度,避免上千台服務器宕機,科技公司往往要支付巨額的空調費用。因此,越來越多公司將數據中心建在人煙稀少的高緯度地區,希望利用外部空氣來降低冷卻成本。此外,土地租金、人力和水電等成本都讓人頭疼。
相比之下,有著較低溫度的海底就像是一個天然冰箱。
為了保證數據中心可以在水下順利運作,微軟特意跟一家經驗豐富的海洋工程公司 Naval Group 合作,將一些潛艇的技術用於維持冷卻溫度。而從投入生產到最終下水只花了不到 90 天,時間成本也大大降低。
水下數據中心帶來的好處還不止這些。
項目經理 Ben Culter 稱,全世界一半以上的人口都住在距離海岸 120 英里的地方,在附近水域放置數據中心,可以以短距離為沿海地區的居民提供更快速流暢的互聯網體驗。
環保也是一個大亮點。這次放置數據中心的地方,是位於英國蘇格蘭東北部的奧克尼群島(Orkney Islands)。風能、太陽能和潮汐能等可再生能源包攬了島上的 1 萬名居民用電,而 Northern Isles 數據中心也將由它們來提供電力。
微軟將這稱作「自給自足」式的數據中心。
Project Natick 最初只是一位微軟員工異想天開的想法。這位員工 Sean James 曾經在美國海軍潛艇裡服役 3 年,也受埋在海底的電纜和光纖啟發,開始好奇將數據中心搬到水下可不可行。
2014 年,這個想法正式立項投入研究,並在 2015 年 8 月建成概念原型,在美國加州的海岸附近進行了長達 3 個月的測試。
▲ 第一次測試的數據中心原型,比這次的小得多
第一階段的測試證明了水下數據中心的概念可行,而現階段的重點是要從環境和經濟上研究是否可行。
在接下來的 12 個月裡,微軟將從功耗、內部濕度和溫度等多個方面來監測和記錄數據中心的運作。會不會給海洋環境帶來污染的問題,也需要進一步觀察。
Culter 說:
如果它可以在這裡很好地運作,那我們就可以把這個想法帶到任何地方去了。
微軟還為這個蘇格蘭海底的數據中心立下了目標,希望它能實現 5 年內無需人為協助運作。而在數據中心的使用壽命結束後會進行回收以減少浪費。
想像一下,朋友,未來的海底或許就是一片密密麻麻的數據中心。
題圖為 Project Natick 團隊,配圖來自微軟
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